The term ’design’ means drawing an outline or planning or arranging details. It is a process of making decisions before the situation arises in which the decision has to be carried out. Research design is planning a strategy of conducting research. It plans as to what is to be observed, how it is to be observed, when/where it is to be observed, why it is to be observed, how to record observation, how to analyze/interpret observations and how to generalize. Research design is, thus, a detailed plan of how the goals of research will be achieved.
Functions of research design
- It provides blueprint
- It limits boundaries of research activity
- It enables investigation to anticipate potential problems
Characteristics of research design
- Researcher should know what is the time to collect data
- Researchers should know what is the research situation, i.e., individuals, groups, communities, organizations will be of his interest and how are these varied situations to be interrelated ?
- Researcher know when does study involves chan
- Specifying the problem/topic to be studied
- Framing research design
- Planning a sample
- Collecting the data
- Analyzing the data
- Preparing the report
Advantages of designing research
- Research can be conducted on scientific basis since precise guideline is provided by advance designing, carrying research in right direction and reducing inaccuracies
- Wastage of time and money is minimized
- Optimum reliability is achieved
- Designing helps in giving useful conclusions
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