Panchayat Raj system in India

Every Village is consisting of numbers communities which has regulated by the Village Panchayat. All problems of a community have discuss in thePanchayat & the decision of the Panch is consider as final. Panchayatmembers are the representatives of the public whose main aim is to evolve a system of democratic decentralization and people’s participation with a view to ensuring rapid, speedier socio-economic progress and provide adequate justice.

Before the Panchayat Raj concept, the decision makers made plan in the Central Level for the villagers according to their own experience & own point of view. So they didn’t made appropriate decisions. That’s why thePanchayati Raj concept had originated. The local people well known the actual problem of their locality & make plan for their own betterment.

So in 1993, the Government of India passed a series of constitutional reforms to democratise and empower local political bodies – the Panchayats. According to the 73rd Amendment in every districts, sub-districts and the village level institutions as Panchayat Raj Institutions is working in rural areas.

Definition:
According to Mahatma Gandhi,“Indian Independence must be at the bottom and every village ought to be a Republic with Panchayat, having powers.”

The Panchayat Raj system has a three-tier structure as:
(i) the Village Panchayats
(ii) the Panchayat Samitis and
(iii) the Zila Parishad

(i) The Village Panchayat or Gram Panchayat : The village panchayat or the gram Panchayat functions at the Village level.
(ii) Panchayat Samiti : The panchayat samiti is the main executive body which operates at the Block level.
(iii) Zila Parishad : The Zila Parishad functions at the districts level and is responsible for making executing and coordinating the programmes of rural development.


Aim of the Village Panchayat:
1. Three Tier system of PanchayatRaj for all States having population over 20 Lakhs
2. Panchayat elections to be held regularly every 5 Years
3. Reservation of seats for Schedule Castes, Schedule Tribes and Women
4. Election must be according to the rule of Central Election Commissioner
5. Empower the local people
6. Preservation of their natural resources
7. Their participation in the local level to reduce social evils as Dowry system, Domestic Violence & Alcoholism