Introduction:
The genesis of the Indira Awas Yojana can be traced to the programmes of rural employment which began in the early 1980s. Construction of houses was one of the major activities under the National Rural Employment Programme (NREP) which began in 1980 and the Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) which began in 1983. There was, however, no uniform policy for rural housing in the states. Launched during 1985-86 as a sub-scheme of Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) and continued as a sub-scheme of Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (JRY) since its launching from April, 1989. With effect from January 1, 1996 it has been delinked from the JRY and has been made an independent scheme.
2. Objective:
The objective of IAY is primarily to provide grant for construction of houses to members of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, freed bonded labourers and also to non-SC/ST rural poor below the poverty line. It is one of the major flagship programs of the Rural Development Ministry to construct houses for BPL population in the villages.
It is the sole responsibility of the beneficiary to construct the houses and engagement of contractors is strictly prohibited. Sanitary latrine and smokeless chullah are required to be constructed along with each IAY house for which additional financial assistance is provided from Total Sanitation Campaign and Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana respectively.
3. Target Group:
The target group for houses under IAY will be people below poverty line living in rural areas belonging to Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, freed bonded labourers and non-SC/ST subject to the condition that the benefits to non-SC/ST should not exceed 40% of total IAY allocation during a financial year.
From 1995-96, the IAY benefits have been extended to ex-servicemen, widows or next-ofkin of defence personnel and para military forces killed in action irrespective of the income criteria subject to the condition that (i) they reside in rural areas; (ii) they have not been covered under any other scheme of shelter rehabilitation; and (iii) they are houseless or in need of shelter or shelter upgradation.
4. Identification of Beneficiaries:
District Rural Development Agencies (DRDAs) / Zilla Parishads on the basis of allocations made and targets fixed shall decide the number of houses to be constructed Panchayat wise under IAY during a particular financial year. The same shall be intimated to the Gram Panchayat. Thereafter, the Gram Sabha will select the beneficiaries from the list of eligible households according to IAY guidelines and as per priorities fixed, restricting this number to the target allotted. No approval of the Panchayat Samiti is required. The Panchayat Samiti should however, be sent a list of selected beneficiaries for their information.
Funding:
Indira Awaas Yojana is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme funded on cost-sharing basis between the Government of India and the States in the ration of 80:20. In the case of Union Territories, the entire resources under this scheme are provided by the Government of India.
Some more important Characteristics:
The genesis of the Indira Awas Yojana can be traced to the programmes of rural employment which began in the early 1980s. Construction of houses was one of the major activities under the National Rural Employment Programme (NREP) which began in 1980 and the Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) which began in 1983. There was, however, no uniform policy for rural housing in the states. Launched during 1985-86 as a sub-scheme of Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) and continued as a sub-scheme of Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (JRY) since its launching from April, 1989. With effect from January 1, 1996 it has been delinked from the JRY and has been made an independent scheme.
2. Objective:
The objective of IAY is primarily to provide grant for construction of houses to members of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, freed bonded labourers and also to non-SC/ST rural poor below the poverty line. It is one of the major flagship programs of the Rural Development Ministry to construct houses for BPL population in the villages.
It is the sole responsibility of the beneficiary to construct the houses and engagement of contractors is strictly prohibited. Sanitary latrine and smokeless chullah are required to be constructed along with each IAY house for which additional financial assistance is provided from Total Sanitation Campaign and Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana respectively.
3. Target Group:
The target group for houses under IAY will be people below poverty line living in rural areas belonging to Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, freed bonded labourers and non-SC/ST subject to the condition that the benefits to non-SC/ST should not exceed 40% of total IAY allocation during a financial year.
From 1995-96, the IAY benefits have been extended to ex-servicemen, widows or next-ofkin of defence personnel and para military forces killed in action irrespective of the income criteria subject to the condition that (i) they reside in rural areas; (ii) they have not been covered under any other scheme of shelter rehabilitation; and (iii) they are houseless or in need of shelter or shelter upgradation.
4. Identification of Beneficiaries:
District Rural Development Agencies (DRDAs) / Zilla Parishads on the basis of allocations made and targets fixed shall decide the number of houses to be constructed Panchayat wise under IAY during a particular financial year. The same shall be intimated to the Gram Panchayat. Thereafter, the Gram Sabha will select the beneficiaries from the list of eligible households according to IAY guidelines and as per priorities fixed, restricting this number to the target allotted. No approval of the Panchayat Samiti is required. The Panchayat Samiti should however, be sent a list of selected beneficiaries for their information.
Funding:
Indira Awaas Yojana is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme funded on cost-sharing basis between the Government of India and the States in the ration of 80:20. In the case of Union Territories, the entire resources under this scheme are provided by the Government of India.
Fund allocation under IAY
- Allotment of dwelling the house should be in the name of female member of the beneficiary household. Alternatively, it can be allotted in the name of both husband and wife. If somebody don’t have their own land than there is a provision to provide land also.
- The construction of the houses should be done by the beneficiaries themselves from the very beginning.
- Ban on contractors or departmental construction.
- While fixing technical specifications, effort should be made to utilize, to the maximum possible extent, local materials and cost effective technologies developed by various institutions.
- It should be ensured that every house constructed under IAY is provided with a fuel efficient chullah.
- The availability of drinking water supply should be ensured by the agencies responsible for the implementation of the IAY.
- Construction of sanitary latrine forms an integral part of IAY houses.
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